AGP Executive Report

Sudan War & Humanitarian Crisis: The UN warns Sudan’s gum arabic trade and wider “war economy” are helping sustain the conflict, with profits tied to territory control, smuggling routes, and looting—raising fresh pressure on companies and states to follow international law. Court & Accountability: A Sudanese court in Port Sudan sentenced RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo “Hemedti” and 15 others to death in absentia over atrocities in West Darfur, including attacks on civilians and schools. Peace Efforts: The US is pushing a five-point plan for Sudan that centers on a humanitarian truce, protection of civilians, a permanent ceasefire path, a civilian-led political dialogue, and reconstruction—urging both sides to accept it without preconditions. Information & Media: A new report highlights how Sudan’s “silent war” is increasingly documented by activists filling gaps left by traditional media, raising questions about credibility and protection. Health & Aid: WHO and UNICEF warn immunisation gains are fragile, with millions of children still missing routine vaccines—an added risk for Sudan’s already strained health system.

El-Obeid Under Pressure: G7 foreign ministers urged all sides in Sudan’s war to guarantee safe passage for civilians and allow unhindered humanitarian access to the besieged city of El-Obeid, warning of serious violations and calling for an immediate halt to actions that could lead to further atrocities. EU Targets War Funding: The EU banned the purchase, import, and transfer of Sudanese gold to cut off money feeding the conflict, and also restricted exports of mercury and cyanide used in mining. Court Sentences RSF Leaders: A Sudanese court in Port Sudan handed death sentences to RSF commander Mohamed Hamdan “Hemedti” Dagalo and others over the El Geneina attack and the killing of Governor Khamees Abakar, reigniting debate over whether justice is being delivered or used as leverage. Food Crisis Warning: FEWS NET warned that up to 23 million people could face acute food insecurity in 2026, with emergency conditions likely to expand and famine risk rising if sieges and fighting intensify. Army Advances in Blue Nile: Sudanese army forces said they took control of the Fashqoun region in Blue Nile State after clashes with the RSF and SLM-N. US Peace Talks Update: The US ceasefire proposal drew mixed reactions after reports of SAF conditional approval, but US officials stressed that no official agreement is final and multiple issues remain unresolved. Humanitarian Alarm: UNICEF warned hundreds of thousands of civilians in El-Obeid are in immediate danger as violence escalates.

RSF Death Sentences: A Sudanese court in Port Sudan sentenced RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo “Hemedti” to death in absentia over Darfur war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide, alongside 15 senior RSF figures, with the ruling tied to atrocities in el-Geneina and the killing of former West Darfur governor Khamis Abbakar. EU Gold Sanctions: The EU expanded measures against Sudan’s war economy by banning the purchase, import and transfer of Sudanese gold and restricting exports of mercury and cyanide used in mining, aiming to cut funding for the conflict while keeping humanitarian exemptions. Peace Talks Update: The US pushed back on claims of broad agreement on a proposed Sudan peace plan, saying negotiations remain unresolved and multiple substantive issues are still unaccepted or rejected by both SAF and RSF. Kordofan Drone War: Sudan’s army said it shot down another Chinese-made FH-95 drone near El-Obeid in North Kordofan, the fourth such interception in under a month amid intensifying clashes and UN warnings of rising drone attacks. Regional Power Play: Analysis highlights how the Horn of Africa is drawing deeper Middle East involvement—ports, defense deals and diplomacy—while Sudan’s civil war shows how external competition can worsen instability. Khartoum Daily Focus: Local Governance: Western Equatoria’s governor ordered a new Ezo commissioner to tighten border security and resolve disputes among traditional leaders to curb insecurity. Trade & Reconstruction: Jordan and Sudan discussed expanding investment and reconstruction cooperation, with business groups pushing for renewed councils and sector priorities.

RSF War Crimes Verdict: A Sudanese court in Port Sudan sentenced RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (“Hemedti”) and 15 others to death in absentia over atrocities in West Darfur, including the June 2023 killing of Governor Khamis Abbakar in el-Geneina, with orders to seek Interpol notices and extradition. EU Gold Sanctions: The EU announced new measures targeting Sudan’s gold trade, banning the purchase/import/transfer of Sudan-origin gold and restricting mercury and cyanide sales to curb war financing. El Obeid Under Pressure: Sudan’s army said it shot down another Chinese-made FH-95 drone near El Obeid as clashes with RSF intensify, while rights groups and UN warnings point to rising drone attacks and civilian harm in Kordofan. Humanitarian Alarm: The UN raised alarm over worsening rights abuses and cholera-related deaths, citing mass civilian casualties, severe aid access limits, and a rapidly deteriorating situation across Sudan. Agriculture Push: Sudan unveiled a 3 trillion-pound agricultural finance plan for the 2026 summer season, aiming to fund inputs and insurance and expand cultivated areas despite conflict-linked shortages. Regional Diplomacy: Arab League chief Nabil Fahmy said Arab state sovereignty is a “red line” and urged dialogue to resolve Sudan and other regional crises.

Death Sentences in Darfur: A Sudanese court in Port Sudan sentenced RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (Hemedti) and 15 others to death in absentia over war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide tied to atrocities in West Darfur, including the 2023 killing of Governor Khamis Abbakar, with the court also ordering asset confiscation and seeking Interpol notices. More RSF Death Rulings: Separate coverage says the court also handed death sentences to RSF commanders and brothers in related cases, with legal experts calling the process “selective justice.” EU Gold Restrictions: The EU announced new sanctions targeting Sudan’s gold trade, banning purchase/import/transfer of Sudan-origin gold and restricting exports of mercury and cyanide to curb conflict financing. Agriculture Finance Push: Sudan launched a 3 trillion-pound agricultural finance plan for the 2026 summer season, including agricultural insurance support and calls to organize small producers into cooperatives, aiming to expand cultivated areas across major schemes. Diplomatic Mobility: Azerbaijan and Sudan agreed on visa-free travel for holders of diplomatic passports. Humanitarian Alarm: Amnesty International urged urgent action over Sudan’s escalating atrocities and displacement, warning that the conflict continues to drive mass killings and suffering.

Sudan Accountability: A Sudanese court in Port Sudan sentenced RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (“Hemedti”) to death in absentia for genocide and crimes against humanity, also sentencing 15 others, tied to the killing of West Darfur governor Khamis Abbakar in 2023. Humanitarian Health Watch: WHO warns Sudan’s cholera outbreak could worsen amid conflict and monsoon conditions, with rains and insecurity threatening access and treatment. Monsoon Preparedness: Nepal’s disaster authority reviewed monsoon risk plans and issued heightened vigilance advisories after coordinating with roads, irrigation and disaster focal points. Regional Politics: Iraq’s PM Ali al-Zaidi is set to visit Washington to meet Trump and discuss oil and gas deals, including alternative export routes to reduce Strait of Hormuz disruption. Sports & Culture: Sudanese club Al Ahli Madani appointed Nigerian coach Aliyu Zubairu on a two-year contract after his exit from Egypt’s Telecom SC. Qatar Leadership: Qatar mourns former Emir Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, credited with building Qatar’s modern influence through Al Jazeera, LNG expansion and regional mediation.

El Fasher Genocide Update: A UN fact-finding mission says newly collected material reinforces earlier findings that RSF atrocities during the October 2025 takeover show “indicators of genocide,” including mass killings, sexual violence, disappearances, torture and mass detention, while Sudanese authorities still refuse to cooperate. Cholera Alarm: WHO warns Sudan’s cholera outbreak could worsen as fighting, displacement and rains disrupt care; at least 114 deaths and 1,300+ infections have been reported, with a high case-fatality rate. ICC Accountability Push: Amnesty International welcomed the ICC’s “breakthrough” in Darfur investigations and urged more international support for justice efforts. US-RS F Peace Plan Clash: Sudan’s army says any US-backed plan must include full RSF withdrawal from captured cities, citing documents. Regional Gulf Tensions: Reports say Saudi banks have been blocking or delaying payments to UAE accounts since May, signaling a deeper Saudi-UAE rift tied to rivalries including Yemen and Sudan.

Genocide findings in El Fasher: The UN Independent International Fact-Finding Mission says newly collected material strengthens its conclusion that RSF atrocities during the October 2025 takeover show “indicators of genocide,” including mass killings, sexual violence, disappearances, torture and mass detention, while Sudanese authorities still refuse to cooperate. Chemical weapons pressure: The US demanded immediate chemical weapons inspections in Sudan and warned of consequences, saying it found SAF used chemical weapons in 2024 and remains non-compliant. Cholera warning: WHO says Sudan’s cholera outbreak could worsen as conflict and rains spread it, reporting at least 114 deaths and over 1,300 cases, with Darfur and Kordofan hardest hit. Humanitarian access and children: UN and rights voices warn life is slowly resuming in Khartoum but services remain shattered, while El Obeid faces escalating violence and displacement, with children among the worst affected. Sudan’s political future: A leaked document claims Sudan’s army leadership is planning a five-year military-managed political phase before elections. Economy ties: Sudan seeks deeper business with India in pharma and healthcare, saying Indian medicines already make up over half of imports.

US-Sudan Chemical Weapons Pressure: The US demanded immediate international inspections after concluding the Sudanese Armed Forces used chemical weapons in 2024, warning of consequences if Sudan fails to comply with the Chemical Weapons Convention. Peace Talks Update: Sudan’s army says it will accept the US-backed plan only if the RSF fully withdraws from every city it occupies, rejecting limited pullouts. Humanitarian Health Alarm: WHO warned a new cholera outbreak in western Sudan has already caused at least 114 deaths, with conflict and rains raising the risk of spread toward El Obeid. Rights Watch on External Fueling: Human Rights Watch urged action after an EU resolution, saying the UAE is named as fueling the war and RSF attacks in El Obeid. Capital Life Under Strain: Reports say life is slowly resuming in Khartoum, but the city centre remains largely a ghost town with power outages, damaged buildings, and unpaid workers. War’s Next Generation: Sudan’s exiled students say the conflict is erasing a generation by shutting down education and pushing them into a “lost generation” of uncertainty. Diplomacy and Trade: Sudan seeks deeper Indian investment in pharma and healthcare as Indian medicines already dominate imports. Political Roadmap Under Army Leadership: A leaked document claims plans to re-engineer Sudan’s political scene under army leadership for the next phase.

Sudan Peace Talks: Khartoum says it backs the US-backed plan only if the RSF fully withdraws from every city it occupied since May 11, 2023, rejecting a limited pullout supervised by a UN mechanism, as a 90-day humanitarian truce would begin. El Obeid Alarm: The European Parliament adopted a resolution on Sudan naming the UAE for fueling RSF attacks, citing daily drone strikes and civilian deaths in El Obeid. Darfur Genocide Case: UN investigators released more survivor testimony from el-Fasher, reaffirming that RSF operations “bore the hallmarks of genocide.” Humanitarian Pressure: UNICEF warns Sudan’s war is driving mass child casualties and displacement, with cholera risks rising as fighting and rainy season strain services. Regional Context: Analysis highlights how Egypt’s security interests and alliances shape the Sudan conflict’s wider power struggle.

Sudan Conflict & Atrocities: Civil society groups urged the UN Human Rights Council to act urgently over escalating atrocity risks around El Obeid, North Kordofan, calling for a special debate and stronger steps to prevent further crimes and advance accountability. Humanitarian Access & Health: QRCS launched a medical convoy in Sudan for urology and GI endoscopy surgeries, treating 500 underprivileged patients and supporting local capacity with partners including Sudan’s Federal Ministry of Health. Return to Khartoum: A Reuters report says more than 2 million people have returned to Khartoum since the army recaptured the city, but power outages, damaged buildings, and unpaid workers still hamper normal life. War’s Impact on Food: Xinhua reports Sudan’s mango sector is in crisis as war disrupts transport and supply chains, spoiling harvests and raising costs. Regional Watch: UN agencies warned about drone strikes and cholera spreading in Sudan’s Kordofan, with El Obeid’s water supply meeting only a fraction of needs. Economy & Services: BADR Airlines selected Maureva’s EDGAR Managed Services to strengthen revenue accounting as it expands routes.

ICC Darfur Probe: The International Criminal Court says it has achieved a “breakthrough” linking Darfur atrocities to leadership levels, after investigators gathered “strong evidence” connecting crimes in Al-Geneina and Al-Fashir to people in command. Peace Talks Sticking Point: Reuters reports Sudan’s army will only accept a U.S.-backed ceasefire framework if the Rapid Support Forces withdraw fully from all cities they’ve occupied since May 11, 2023—rejecting limited pullbacks. Humanitarian Alarm in Kordofan: UN agencies warn of escalating drone attacks and spreading cholera in North Kordofan, with water supply in El Obeid meeting only about 20% of needs amid repeated strikes. Frontline Update: Sudan’s army claims it retook the strategic town of Kurmuk from the RSF near the Ethiopian border, saying RSF forces fled and civilians will be protected as services resume. Regional Security Pressure: Ethiopia’s PM Abiy dismisses fears of an alliance involving Sudan, Eritrea and the TPLF, while tensions between Addis Ababa and Khartoum continue.

Frontline Update: The Sudanese army says it has retaken Kurmuk in Blue Nile from RSF, pledging to protect civilians and restore services near the Ethiopian border. Civilian Harm: Rights groups report drone strikes on vehicles heading to weddings and social gatherings have killed 20+ people in recent days, including in the Khartoum area and North Kordofan. El Obeid Under Siege: UN rights officials warn a humanitarian catastrophe is unfolding in El Obeid as drone attacks, executions, torture, abductions, and sexual violence rise; thousands of civilians, including 5,500+ children, have been displaced in weeks. War Crimes Accountability: The ICC says it has a “breakthrough” linking Darfur atrocities to leadership levels, with prosecutors pointing to stronger linkage evidence in cases involving al-Geneina and al-Fashir. Humanitarian Response: Qatar Charity and the Qatar Red Crescent Society report medical missions in Sudan, including cardiac surgeries for children in Wad Madani and a urology/GI endoscopy convoy for hundreds of patients. Politics Toward Peace: A former rebel turned government ally proposes a national dialogue to restore state control of arms, dissolve non-state forces, and move toward civilian rule and elections.

Sudan War Crimes Probe: The ICC’s deputy chief prosecutor told the BBC it has reached a “breakthrough” linking RSF leadership to atrocities in Darfur, including el-Fasher and el-Geneina, but warned charges could still take time. El Obeid Humanitarian Alarm: UN officials and rights groups say a new catastrophe is unfolding in El Obeid as fighting intensifies, with thousands displaced and children among the worst affected. Drone Strikes on Civilians: Rights groups report drones have killed more than 20 people in recent attacks on vehicles heading to weddings near Khartoum and in North Kordofan, raising fears of a wider pattern. Child Casualties: UNICEF says at least 330 children were killed or injured in Sudan in the first half of 2026, with Darfur and Kordofan hit hardest. Medical Relief on the Ground: Qatar Charity finished 60 pediatric heart procedures in Wad Madani, while QRCS launched a week-long urology and GI endoscopy convoy for 500 vulnerable patients, including 250 surgeries. Peace Path Proposal: A former rebel now allied with Sudan’s government, Malik Agar Ayyir, urged a national dialogue to restore state control of arms and dissolve non-state forces as part of a transition to civilian rule. Local Economy Under Strain: A mango sector update warns war has shattered supply chains and marketing, leaving harvests to spoil and pushing farmers toward hunger.

El-Obeid Under Siege: Save the Children says more than 5,500 children were newly displaced by fighting around Sudan’s El-Obeid, as drone attacks hit fuel and water infrastructure and families struggle with shelter, clean water, healthcare and education. Drone Strikes on Civilians: Rights groups report drones hitting civilian vehicles headed to weddings, killing over 20 people in recent days, including 10 near Khartoum and others in North Kordofan. UN Genocide Warning: A UN Fact-Finding Mission says mass killings, abductions and gang rape in El Fasher show “distinct markers of genocide,” and warns similar patterns are now being used in El Obeid. Ceasefire Demands: Sudan’s government rejects any “humanitarian truce” without real enforcement, calling for an end to militia control of towns and for pressure on arms supply corridors. Humanitarian Crisis Deepens: The UN says Sudan’s poverty rate has jumped from 45% to 73% since the war began, pushing millions further below the poverty line. Regional Health Watch: Uganda plans to deploy more Ebola medical experts and treatment centres in eastern DR Congo as the outbreak expands.

El-Obeid Humanitarian Crisis: Save the Children says more than 5,500 children have been newly displaced by fighting around Sudan’s besieged city of El-Obeid, with families struggling for shelter, clean water, healthcare and schooling as overcrowding strains local services. UN Aid Access Pressure: UN aid chief Tom Fletcher held talks with RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, stressing safe access for humanitarians and safe movement for civilians amid bureaucratic obstacles and ongoing attacks on civilian infrastructure. Rights Council Warning: The UN Human Rights Council condemned RSF escalation around El Obeid, warning of a growing risk of mass atrocities and calling for an immediate ceasefire, unhindered humanitarian access and independent monitoring. Drone Warfare Update: The SAF said it shot down a Chinese-made FH-95 combat drone over North Kordofan, while video later suggested an interception by a Turkish-made Akıncı. Church Demolition Threat: Sudanese officials plan to demolish a Presbyterian church building in southern Khartoum, citing zoning and “unregulated” construction claims.